Journal
CANCER CELL
Volume 4, Issue 2, Pages 133-146Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/S1535-6108(03)00194-6
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Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [CA 82515] Funding Source: Medline
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To reveal the functional significance of hypoxia and angiogenesis in astrocytoma progression, we created genetically engineered transformed astrocytes from murine primary astrocytes and deleted the hypoxia-responsive transcription factor HIF-1alpha or its target gene, the angiogenic factor VEGF. Growth of HIF-1alpha- and VIEGF-deficient transformed astrocytes in the vessel-poor subcutaneous environment results in severe necrosis, reduced growth, and vessel density, whereas when the same cells are placed in the vascular-rich brain parenchyma, the growth of HIF-1alpha knockout, but not VEGF knockout tumors, is reversed: tumors deficient in HIF-1alpha grow faster, and penetrate the brain more rapidly and extensively. These results demonstrate that HIF-1alpha has differential roles in tumor progression, which are greatly dependent on the extant microenvironment of the tumor.
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