Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 51, Issue 17, Pages 4877-4883Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jf021245t
Keywords
carotenoid; beta-carotene; lutein; retinol; vitamin A; phylloquinone; vitamin K; isotope; label; mass spectrometry; LC-MS; kale; Brassica oleracea
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The ability to study bioavailability of nutrients from foods is an important step in determining the health impact of those nutrients. This work describes a method for studying the bioavailability of nutrients from kale (Brassica oleracea var. Acephala) by labeling the nutrients with carbon-13, feeding the kale to an adult volunteer, and analyzing plasma samples for labeled nutrients. Results showed that conditions for producing atmospheric intrinsically labeled kale had no detrimental effect on plant growth. Lutein, beta-carotene, retinol, and phylloquinone were analyzed using liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Analysis of plasma samples showed that labeled lutein peaked in plasma at 11 h (0.23 muM), beta-carotene peaked at 8 (0.058 muM) and 24 h (0.062 muM), retinol peaked at 24 h (0.10 muM), and phylloquinone peaked at 7 h (3.0 nM). This method of labeling kale with C-13 was successful for producing clearly defined kinetic curves for C-13- lutein, C-13-beta-carotene, C-13-retinol, and C-13-phylloquinone.
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