A survey of long-term outcome of aphasia and of chances of gainful employment

Background : Recovery from aphasia in the first 12 months post-onset has been extensively studied. However, far less research effort has been directed towards documenting the course of long-term aphasia. The few existing studies indicate a trend towards a decline in the long term. Aims : Aims of the present research were: (1) to investigate the long-term course of aphasia, and (2) to collect data about the occupational status of individuals with aphasia. Methods & Procedures : We present data from 52 left-hemisphere-damaged vascular aphasic individuals who underwent three aphasia examinations and had a mean post-onset time of 5 years. All subjects were treated between the first and second examination and none received treatment between the second and the final examination. At final examination the aphasic individuals and/or an important other were asked to respond to a questionnaire about the aphasic individuals' use of language, social life, and employment status. Outcomes & Results : Subjects significantly recovered between the first and second examination but there were no further significant changes between the second and the final examination. Only one subject showed a very mild general decline. Nine subjects were still gainfully employed at the time of the last evaluation and their working status is described. Conclusions : From our data it may be concluded that the passing of time has no negative effect on chronic aphasia. In view of the many variables involved, no general conclusion can be drawn concerning aphasic individuals' chances of gainful employment or their social life.