Catalytic methods for C-H bond functionalization: Application in organic synthesis

The development of catalytic reactions involving carbon-hydrogen bond cleavage is currently one of the most attractive research subjects in organic and organometallic chemistry. About 40 years have past since the pioneering report of the cleavage of C-H bonds with transition metal complexes. Since that time, a vast number of studies of the cleavage of C-H bonds, using stoichiometric amounts of transition metal complexes has appeared. In the last decade, a variety of catalytic reactions involving C-H bond cleavage has been reported. In this review we briefly survey the results of these research activities with respect to the catalytic use of unreactive C-H bonds in organic synthesis. 1 Introduction 2 Catalytic C-C Bond Formation via C-H Bond Cleavage 2.1 Addition of C-H Bonds to C/C Double Bonds 2.2 Addition of C-H Bonds to C/C Triple Bonds 2.3 Oxidative Coupling of Arenes with Olefins via Electrophilic Substitution by Transition Metal Complexes 2.4 Coupling of C-H Bonds, Carbon Monoxide, and Olefins 2.5 Catalytic Arylation of C-H Bonds 3 Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Alkanes 4 Catalytic Silylation of C-H Bonds 5 Catalytic Borylation of C-H Bonds 6 Conclusions.