Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW B
Volume 68, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.115404
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The structural and electronic properties of BaTiO3 (001) slabs in paraelectric (PE) phase and ferroelectric (FE) phases with a [001] FE distortion are investigated by first-principles calculations to explore a possible scenario for the surface conduction recently observed in the FE phase. Both TiO2(S1)-TiO2(S2) and TiO2(S1)-BaO(S2) terminated surfaces are considered, where S1 (S2) denotes a top (bottom) slab surface. The PE phase electronic structure possesses fully occupied surface oxygen p states in the bulk band gap, and the empty surface titanium d states at the edge of the bulk conduction band. In the FE phase, both the top surface titanium d state and the bottom surface oxygen p state move into the bulk midgap; the states exchange charge, becoming partially occupied and conducting. The intrinsic carrier layers are formed by a long-range charge transfer from O(S2) to Ti(S1) states.
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