Journal
JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR GYNECOLOGIC INVESTIGATION
Volume 10, Issue 7, Pages 392-399Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/S1071-5576(03)00134-5
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OBJECTIVE: In the present review we discuss rat models in which intra-uterine growth restriction is obtained through pharmacological (streptozotocin), dietary (global food restriction, low protein diet), or surgical (uterine artery ligation) manipulation of the maternal animal. METHODS: A MEDLINE search was performed on rat models of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), ie, streptozotocin, food restriction, low protein diet, or uterine artery ligation and pregnancy and fetal programming, long-term effects or adult offspring. RESULTS: We address the impact of the different maternal conditions for the fetal and neonatal development. The rat models we concentrate on were all associated with fetal hypoinsulinemia and intrauterine growth restriction. Both fetus and neonate adapt to the altered perinatal environment. Some of these adaptations may predispose the offspring to the development of insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and even overt diabetes in later he. CONCLUSION: The adaptations of the fetal metabolism to the altered intrauterine environment have consequences for the offspring, persisting into adulthood and into the next generation.
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