Journal
MECHANISMS OF DEVELOPMENT
Volume 120, Issue 10, Pages 1165-1176Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2003.08.002
Keywords
Asterina miniata; Otx; orthodenticle; homeodomain; AmOtx; echinodermata; starfish; asteroidea; endomesoderm specification
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Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [RR-15044] Funding Source: Medline
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The sea urchin orthodenticle (Otx)-related transcription factor is an early activator of other endomesodermally expressed transcription factors. Its normal function is required for the development of the archenteron and to lock cells into endomesodermal fate. To determine if this is a basal Otx function in echinoderms we have studied the role of an Otx ortholog in a starfish, Asterina miniata. The patterns of AmOtx expression are found to be similar, in many details, to those reported for other indirectly developing echinoderms and hemichordates, suggestive of a conserved function both in endoderm development and ciliary band formation in these two phyla. When downstream targets of the AmOtx protein are suppressed using a dominant engrailed repressor strategy, embryos fail to develop the endodermal component of the archenteron, though initial phases of mesoderm development proceed normally. The function of Otx proteins in endodermal development at least predated the evolution of the free-living echinoderms (Eleutherozoa). (C) 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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