Lipid responses in mildly hypertriglyceridemic men and women to consumption of docosahexaenoic acid-enriched eggs

This randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial assessed lipid responses in mildly hyper-triglyceridemic men and women to consumption of docosahexaenoic, acid (DHA)-enriched eggs or, ordinary chicken eggs. The study included 153 subjects aged 21-80 years, With serum triglyceride concentrations between 140 and 450 mg/dL, inclusive, and serum total cholesterol concentrations, < 300 mg/dL. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either DHA enriched (147 mg DHA/egg) or ordinary eggs (20 mg DHA/egg), 9 added to their usual diets for six weeks (10 eggs/week). Both treatments significantly lowered triglycerides and increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels from baseline;however, these changes were not significantly, different between treatments,. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations increased significantly in subjects who consumed DHA-enriched eggs (p=0.047 vs. control). This increase was I significantly higher than that observed with ordinary eggs. However, there was no significant increase in cholesterol carried by small, dense LDL particles, as-determined by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Results of exploratory analyses suggest favorable effects of the DHA-enriched eggs over ordinary eggs on triglyceride and HDL cholesterol levels in subjects with body mass index greater than or equal to 30 kg/m(2); the DHA treatment produced a larger reduction in serum triglyceride concentration vs. ordinary eggs (-12.3 vs. 2.1%; p=0.027), and there was a greater increase for HDLcholesterol in the DHA-enriched vs. ordinary egg group (5.0 vs. 1.1%; p=0.040).