Journal
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
Volume 35, Issue 10, Pages 955-967Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/S0167-6636(02)00326-5
Keywords
granular material; no-tension; principal stretches; nonlinear elasticity; nonlinear finite element; ballast
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This paper presents a phenomenological continuum model describing no-tension effects observed in granular materials. Constitutive laws are derived from a strain-energy function, which must vanish in the positive stress directions. Computational aspects are then investigated, wherein the finite element formulation is developed in the principal deformation directions. Last, a numerical example of a ballast structure will be outlined for illustrative purposes. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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