Journal
CYTOKINE & GROWTH FACTOR REVIEWS
Volume 14, Issue 5, Pages 361-368Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S1359-6101(03)00043-1
Keywords
IL-12; IL-23; IL-27; T helper 1 cells; interferon-gamma
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Cytokines play critical roles in regulating all aspects of immune responses, including lymphoid development, homeostasis, differentiation, tolerance and memory. Interleukin (IL)-12 is especially important because its expression during infection regulates innate responses and determines the type and duration of adaptive immune response. IL-12 induces interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production by NK, T cells, dendritic cells (DC), and macrophages. IL-12 also promotes the differentiation of naive CD4(+) T cells into T helper 1 (Th1) cells that produce IFN-gamma and aid in cell-mediated immunity. As IL-12 is induced by microbial products and regulates the development of adaptive immune cells, IL-12 plays a central role in coordinating innate and adaptive immunity. IL-12 and the recently identified cytokines, IL-23 and IL-27, define a family of related cytokines that induce IFN-gamma production and promote T cell expansion and proliferation. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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