4.0 Article

Physical activity and the association of common FTO gene variants with body mass index and obesity

Journal

ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
Volume 168, Issue 16, Pages 1791-1797

Publisher

AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1001/archinte.168.16.1791

Keywords

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Funding

  1. NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR 000052, M01 RR016500, M01 RR 16500, M01 RR000052] Funding Source: Medline
  2. NHLBI NIH HHS [U01 HL072515, T32 HL072751, T32HL072751] Funding Source: Medline
  3. NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK072488] Funding Source: Medline

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Background: Common FTO (fat mass and obesity associated) gene variants have recently been associated with body mass index (BMI) and obesity in several large studies. The role of lifestyle factors (such as physical activity) in those with an underlying FTO genetic predisposition is unknown. Methods: To determine if FTO variants are associated with BMI in Old Order Amish (OOA) individuals, and to further determine whether the detrimental associations of FTO gene variants can be lessened by increased physical activity, a total of 704 healthy OOA adults were selected from the Heredity and Phenotype Intervention (HAPI) Heart Study, an investigation of gene X environment interactions in cardiovascular disease, for whom objective quantified physical activity measurements were available and for whom 92 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in FTO were genotyped. Results: Twenty-six FTO SNPs were associated with BMI (P = .04 to < .001), including rs1477196 (P < .001) and rs1861868 (P < .001), 2 SNPs in moderate linkage disequilibrium in the OOA (D' = 0.82; r(2) = 0.36). Stratified analyses of rs1861868 revealed its association with BMI to be restricted entirely to those subjects with low sex-and age-adjusted physical activity scores (P < .001); in contrast, the SNP had no effect on those with above-average physical activity scores (P = .29), with the genotype X physical activity interaction achieving statistical significance (P = .01). Similar evidence for interaction was also obtained for rs1477196. Conclusions: Our results strongly suggest that the increased risk of obesity owing to genetic susceptibility by FTO variants can be blunted through physical activity. These findings emphasize the important role of physical activity in public health efforts to combat obesity, particularly in genetically susceptible individuals.

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