Journal
CANCER LETTERS
Volume 200, Issue 2, Pages 115-121Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S0304-3835(03)00239-8
Keywords
shikonin; human epidermoid carcinoma cells; epidermal growth factor receptor; protein tyrosine kinase; c-jun N-terminal kinase
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Shikonin isolated from the roots of the Chinese herb Lithospermum erythrorhizon has been associated with anti-inflammatory properties. We evaluated shikonin's chemotherapeutic potential and investigated its possible mechanism of action in a human cutaneous neoplasm in tissue culture. Shikonin preferentially inhibits the growth of human epidermoid carcinoma cells concentration- and time-dependently compared to SV-40 transfected keratinocytes, demonstrating its anti-proliferative effects against this cancer cell line. Additionally, shikonin decreased phosphorylated levels of EGFR, ERK1/2 and protein tyrosine kinases, while increasing phosphorylated JNK 1/2 levels. Overall, shikonin treatment was associated with increased intracellular levels of phosphorylated apoptosis-related proteins, and decreased levels of proteins associated with proliferation in human epidermoid carcinoma cells. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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