Sodium butyrate inhibits angiogenesis of human intestinal microvascular endothelial cells through COX-2 inhibition

We examined the effect of sodium butyrate on in vitro angiogenesis and cyclooxygenase (COX) expression using primary cultures of human intestinal microvascular endothelial cells (HIMEC). Butyrate inhibited VEGF-induced cellular proliferation, transmigration and tube formation of HIMEC. Butyrate also inhibited COX-2 expression as well as prostaglandin (PG)E-2 and PGI(2) production, and administration of PGI(2) analog partially reversed the effect of butyrate on HIMEC angiogenesis. These results indicate that sodium butyrate inhibits HIMEC angiogenesis through down-regulation of COX-2 expression and PG production, and suggest that anti-angiogenic mechanisms may also be involved in the inhibitory effect of sodium butyrate on tumor growth. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies.