Journal
ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Volume 64, Issue 3, Pages 148-155Publisher
ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/19338240903240228
Keywords
air pollution; elderly; environment; epidemiology; infants; morbidity
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The objective of the present study was to determine the association between several elements of particulates and Emergency Department (ED) visits in a general population sample. Daily time-series analyses tested the association between daily ED visit and air pollutants and components of particulates measured in Santiago Centro. a municipality, which includes downtown Santiago during the period from 2001 to 2006. The strongest individual effect was seen for elemental carbon. A 4.76 mu g/m(3) increase was associated with a relative risk (RR) of 1.12 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.10- 1.14) increase in total ED visits, and a RR of 1.18 (95% CI = 1.16-1.21) for respiratory ED visit. Using factor analysis, the authors determined that traffic combustion-related particulates were significantly associated with ED visits. Among all the sources identified, traffic combustion-related particulates had the strongest association with ED visits. A factor indicating soil-sourced particles had a weaker but statistically significant observed morbidity effect. Of the many components of particulate air pollution, those from motor vehicle exhaust had the greatest observed effect on morbidity.
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