Journal
MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS
Volume 557, Issue 1, Pages 19-27Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2003.09.009
Keywords
mycotoxins; chromosome aberrations; sister chromatid exchanges; mitotic index; apoptosis; cell cultures
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Ochratoxin A (OTA) and zearalenone (ZEA), two naturally occurring contaminants of animal feed, have been implicated in several mycotoxicoses in farm livestock but there is little information on their genotoxicity and toxicity in these species. Therefore, we investigated on the cytogenetic and cytotoxic effects of both OTA and ZEA in in vitro cultures of bovine lymphocytes. We determined chromosome aberrations (CAs) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) as well as the mitotic index (MI) and cell viability following OTA and ZEA treatment. This report is the first to provide evidence of a statistically significant increase of structural CAs and of SCEs/cell associated with a reduction of the MI in all OTA- and ZEA-treated bovine lymphocyte cultures and a clear reproducible reducing effect of OTA on cell viability mediated by enhanced apoptosis. OTA-induced programmed cell death was not limited to bovine lymphocytes, as comparable data were demonstrated in the human leukemic T-cell line Jurkat. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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