Journal
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
Volume 55, Issue 2, Pages 195-206Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/ana.10811
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Funding
- NHLBI NIH HHS [U01 HL66614-01] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [3R01 NS29525-09, N01-NS-1-2339] Funding Source: Medline
- Telethon [GGP02253] Funding Source: Medline
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Acute quadriplegic myopathy (AQM; also called critical illness myopathy) shows acute muscle wasting and weakness and is experienced by some patients with severe systemic illness, often associated with administration of corticosteroids and/or neuroblocking agents. Key aspects of AQM include muscle atrophy and myofilament loss. Although these features arc shared with neurogenic atrophy, myogenic atrophy in AQM appears mechanistically distinct from neurogenic atrophy. Using muscle biopsies from AQM, neurogenic atrophy, and normal controls, we show that both myogenic and neurogenic atrophy share induction of myofiber-specific ubiquitin/proteosome pathways (eg, atrogin-1). However, AQM patient muscle showed a specific strong induction of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta/MAPK pathways. Atrophic AQM myofibers showed coexpression of TGF-beta receptors, p38 MAPK, c-jun, and c-myc, including phosphorylated active forms, and these same fibers showed apoptotic features. Our data suggest a model of AQM pathogenesis in which stress stimuli (sepsis, corticosteroids, pH imbalance, osmotic imbalance) converge on the TGF-beta pathway in myofibers. The acute stimulation of the TGF-beta/MAPK pathway, coupled with the inactivity-induced atrogin-1/proteosome pathway, leads to the acute muscle loss seen in AQM patients.
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