Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
Volume 43, Issue 2, Pages 206-214Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1097/00004583-200402000-00017
Keywords
risperidone; pimozide; Tourette's disorder; children; electrocardiogram
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Funding
- NINDS NIH HHS [K23 NS 41920-01] Funding Source: Medline
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Objective: To compare the tic suppression, electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, weight gain, and side effect profiles of pimozide versus risperidone in children and adolescents with tic disorders. Method: This was a randomized, double-blind, crossover (evaluable patient analysis) study. Nineteen children aged 7 to 17 years with Tourette's or chronic motor tic disorder were randomized to 4 weeks of treatment with pimozide or risperidone, followed by the alternate treatment after a 2-week placebo washout. The primary efficacy outcome measure was change in tic severity assessed by the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS). ECG results, weight gain, and side effects were also compared. Results: Compared to pimozide treatment, risperidone treatment was associated with significantly lower tic severity scores (YGTSS: baseline 43.3 +/- 17.5, pimozide 34.2 +/- 14.2, risperidone 25.2 +/- 13.6; p = .05). Weight gain during the 4-week treatment periods was greater for risperidone (mean 1.9 kg) than pimozide (1.0 kg). No patient suffered a serious adverse event, but 6 of 19 subjects failed to complete the protocol. Neither medication was associated with ECG changes. Conclusions: In this study, risperidone appeared superior to pimozide for tic suppression but was associated with greater weight gain.
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