Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 4, Issue 2, Pages 373-376Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nl035054w
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Stimulus-responsive, surface confined poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAAM) brush nanopatterns were prepared on gold-coated silicon substrates in a grafting-from approach that combines nanoshaving, a scanning probe lithography method, with surface-initiated polymerization using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The reversible, stimulus-responsive conformational height change of these nanopatterned polymer brushes was demonstrated by inverse transition cycling in water, and water-methanol mixtures (1:1, v:v). Our findings are consistent with the behavior of laterally confined and covalently attached polymer chains, where chain mobility is restricted largely to the out-of-plane direction. Our nanofabrication approach is generic and can likely be extended to a wide range of vinyl monomers.
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