Journal
CURRENT DIRECTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages 21-24Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1111/j.0963-7214.2004.01301006.x
Keywords
aging; word production; tip of the tongue; phonological retrieval; spelling
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Funding
- NIA NIH HHS [R37 AG008835-14, R37 AG008835-15] Funding Source: Medline
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Experimental research and older adults' reports of their own experience suggest that the ability to produce the spoken forms of familiar words declines with aging. Older adults experience more word-finding failures, such as tip-of-the-tongue states, than young adults do, and this and other speech production failures appear to stem from, difficulties in retrieving the sounds of words. Recent evidence has identified a parallel age-related decline in retrieving the spelling of familiar words. Models of cognitive aging must explain why these aspects of language production decline with aging whereas semantic processes are well maintained. We describe a model wherein aging weakens connections among linguistic representations thereby reducing the transmission of excitation front one representatton to another. The structure of the representational systems for word phonology and orthography makes them vulnerable to transmission deficits, impairing retrieval.
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