Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 63, Issue 28, Pages 6346-6354Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00831
Keywords
proanthocyanidins; larval exsheathment inhibition assay (LEIA); nematodes; ruminants; structure-activity relationships
Funding
- European Commission [PITN-GA-2011-289377]
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Plants containing condensed tannins (CTs) may hold promise as alternatives to synthetic anthelmintic (AH) drugs for controlling gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs). However, the structural features that contribute to the AH activities of CTs remain elusive. This study probed the relationships between CT structures and their AH activities. Eighteen plant resources were selected on the basis of their diverse CT structures. From each plant resource, two CT fractions were isolated and their in vitro AH activities were measured with the larval exsheathment inhibition assay, which was applied to Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis. Calculation of mean EC50 values indicated that H. contortus was more susceptible than T. colubriformis to the different fractions and that the F1 fractions were less efficient than the F2 ones, as indicated by the respective mean values for H. contortus, F1 = 136.9 +/- 74.1 mu g/mL and F2 = 108.1 +/- 53.2 mu g/mL, and for T. colubriformis, F1 = 233 +/- 54.3 mu g/mL and F2 = 166 +/- 39.9 mu g/mL. The results Showed that the AH activity against H. contortus was associated with the monomeric Si units that give rise to prodelphinidins (P < 0.05) and with CT polymer size (P < 0.10). However, for T. colubriformis AH activity Was correlated only with prodelphinidins (P < 0.05). These results suggest that CTs have different modes of action against different parasite species.
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