Journal
INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY
Volume 39, Issue 3, Pages 187-195Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/01.rli.0000115926.96796.75
Keywords
ultrasound; ultrasound contrast; microbubbles; echo contrast; targeted contrast
Funding
- NHLBI NIH HHS [HL64381] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [DK63508] Funding Source: Medline
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Rationale and Objectives: During echo examinations with microbubble contrast, individual dots of ultrasound reflection can be visualized. To address the question whether these signals represent individual microbubbles, very dilute suspensions of ultrasound contrast agents or individual microbubbles attached to Petri dishes were prepared and studied by ultrasound imaging. Methods: Microbubble suspensions were diluted in saline and evaluated by a clinical ultrasound imaging system. Microbubble concentration was verified by Coulter counter. Single microbubble preparation on a Petri dish was established by streptavidin-biotin interaction under microscopy control and subjected to ultrasound imaging. Results: Ultrasound of dilute microbubble dispersions demonstrated distinct white foci; concentration of these sites was consistent with signals from individual microbubbles as determined by Coulter. Individual microbubbles immobilized on polystyrene were also visualized by ultrasound. Conclusion: Ultrasound medical systems can resolve backscatter signals from individual microbubbles of ultrasound contrast, both in solution and in the targeted immobilized state, implying picogram sensitivity.
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