Least-squares Galerkin procedures for parabolic integro-differential equations

Two least-squares Galerkin finite element schemes are formulated to solve parabolic integro-differential equations. The advantage of this method is that it is not subject to the LBB condition. The convergence analysis shows that the least-squares mixed element schemes yield the approximate solution with optimal accuracy in H(div; Omega) x H-1(Omega) and (L-2(Omega))(2) x L-2(Omega), respectively. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.