Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 24, Issue 12, Pages 2923-2933Publisher
SOC NEUROSCIENCE
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5282-03.2004
Keywords
dopamine; motivation; operant; reward; goal-directed behavior; nucleus accumbens; basal ganglia; ventral striatum; discriminative stimulus
Categories
Funding
- NIDA NIH HHS [R01 DA001949, DA05832, F32 DA005832, DA01949, R37 DA001949, R01 DA005832] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [P50 NS021445, NS21445] Funding Source: Medline
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Reward-predictive cues exert powerful control over behavioral choice and may be a critical factor in drug addiction. Reward-seeking elicited by predictive cues is facilitated by the release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), yet the contribution of dopamine to the specific NAc firing patterns that underlie goal-directed behavior has remained elusive. We present evidence that subpopulations of NAc neurons that respond to predictive cues require the dopaminergic projection from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to promote reward-seeking behavior. Rats trained to perform an operant response to a cue to obtain a sucrose reward were implanted with both multiunit recording electrodes in the NAc and microinjection cannulas in the VTA. Both the behavioral response to cues and the cue-evoked firing of NAc neurons were blocked by injection of the GABA(B) agonist baclofen into the VTA. An additional group of rats was trained on the same task and then implanted with microinjection cannulas in the NAc. Like VTA baclofen injection, injection of dopamine receptor antagonists into the NAc profoundly reduced cue-elicited reward seeking. Together, these results support the conclusion that both the behavioral response to the cue and the specific NAc neuronal firing that promotes the response depend on dopamine release within the NAc. Our findings suggest a neural mechanism by which the dopamine-dependent firing of NAc neurons mediates goal-directed behavior.
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