Journal
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 111, Issue 1, Pages 1-15Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2003.09.010
Keywords
bioterror; anthrax; smallpox; plague; tularemia; Q fever; viral hemorrhagic fever; vaccine; toxin; category A agents
Categories
Funding
- NIAID NIH HHS [R01AI45459, R01AI035370, 5T32AI07506, R01AI044373] Funding Source: Medline
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The development of vaccines and implementation of vaccination programs are among the most important medical contributions to humanity. To date, vaccination has reduced morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases more than any other specific medical intervention. The intentional use of bioweapons against civilians (bioterrorism), recently highlighted by events around the world, has fueled interest in the development of vaccines for potential microbial agents of bioterror. This review discusses the microbial agents that are considered to pose the greatest risk to the public, the diseases associated with them, and the vaccines that are available for their prevention. The paucity of such vaccines and uncertainty regarding mechanisms of vaccine efficacy and the microbial antigens that elicit protection underscore the need for continued study of host-microbe interaction and the immune response to potential agents of bioterror for the development of new vaccines and immune-based therapies to combat their potential to harm the public. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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