An update on transcriptional and post-translational regulation of brain voltage-gated sodium channels

Voltage-gated sodium channels are essential proteins in brain physiology, as they generate the sodium currents that initiate neuronal action potentials. Voltage-gated sodium channels expression, localisation and function are regulated by a range of transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms. Here, we review our understanding of regulation of brain voltage-gated sodium channels, in particular SCN1A (Na(V)1.1), SCN2A (Na(V)1.2), SCN3A (Na(V)1.3) and SCN8A (Na(V)1.6), by transcription factors, by alternative splicing, and by post-translational modifications. Our focus is strongly centred on recent research lines, and newly generated knowledge.