Journal
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 316, Issue 2, Pages 348-355Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.02.046
Keywords
cDNA microarray; ginsenosides; compound K; hyaluronan synthase 2; HaCaT cell; skin
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Ginsenosides, the major active ingredients of ginseng, have a variety of biomedical efficacies such as anti-aging, anti-oxidation, and anti-inflammatory activities. To understand the effects of compound K (20-0-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol), one of the major metabolites of ginsenosides, on the skin, we assessed the expression levels of about 100 transcripts in compound K-treated HaCaT cells using cDNA microarray analysis. One gene up-regulated by compound K was hyaluronan synthase2 (HAS2). Semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that compound K increased HAS2 mRNA in time- and dose-dependent manners. ELISA and immunocytochemistry using hyaluronan (HA)-binding protein showed that compound K effectively increased HA production in HaCaT cells. Finally, treatment of compound K on hairless mouse skin increased the amount of HA in the epidermis and papillary dermis. Our study suggests that topical application of compound K might prevent or improve the deteriorations, such as xerosis and wrinkles, partly ascribed to the age-dependent decrease of the HA content in human skin. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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