Journal
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 316, Issue 3, Pages 878-883Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.02.129
Keywords
estrogen receptor-alpha; membrane estrogen receptor; S-palmitoylation; ERK; transcriptional activity
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17beta-Estradiol (E2)-induced rapid functions (from seconds to minutes) can be attributed to a fraction of nuclear estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) localized at the plasma membrane. As a potential mechanism, we postulated that S-palmitoylation of the Cys447 residue may explain the ability of ERalpha to associate to plasma membrane making possible E2-dependent rapid functions [e.g., extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) activation]. Here, we report direct evidence that the Mutation of the Cys447 residue to Ala impairs human ERalpha palmitoylation and E2-induced rapid ERK phosphorylation when transfected in ER-devoid HeLa cells. Moreover, the Cys447Ala mutation significantly decreases the E2-induced transactivation of an estrogen responsive element construct probe. Similar effects were obtained treating HeLa cells transfected with wild type ERalpha with the palmitoyl-acyltransferase inhibitor 2-bromo-hexadecanoic acid. Moreover, the deletion of the A-D domains (containing the DNA binding region) of ERalpha had no consequences on [H-3]palmitate incorporation, whereas no palmitoylation Occurred in the ERalpha mutant devoid of the E domain (i.e., ligand binding domain). These results point to the pivotal role of the Cys447 residue in ERalpha palmitoylation and in the modulation of E2-induced non-genomic functions. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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