Local recurrences after intraoperative radiofrequency ablation of liver metastases: A comparative study with anatomic and wedge resections

Background: The indications and results of intraoperative radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of liver metastases (LMs) are not well defined in the literature and have never been compared with those of hepatectomy. The aim of the study was to appreciate the local recurrence rate of RFA in comparison with anatomic and wedge resection. Methods: Eighty-eight patients with technically unresectable LMs were treated with curative intent. The LMs were treated by anatomic resection (40 patients, 213 LMs) when large, by wedge resection (64 patients, 99 LMs) when peripheral and small, and by RFA (88 patients, 227 LMs) when central and small. The median follow-up was 27.6 months (range, 15-74 months), and a total of 539 LMs were treated (median of 5 per patient). Results: The local recurrence rates were 5.7% for the 227 RFAs, 7.1% for the 99 wedge resections, and 12.5% for the 40 anatomic resections (P = .216). Local recurrence rates after RFA were correlated with LMs larger than 30 mm (P < .001) and with LMs in direct contact with large vessels (P < .001). Conclusions: RFA is as efficient and safe as wedge or anatomic resections in terms of local control.