Journal
AQUATIC SCIENCES
Volume 72, Issue 2, Pages 227-236Publisher
SPRINGER BASEL AG
DOI: 10.1007/s00027-009-0125-z
Keywords
C and N isotopic ratios; IsoSource mixing model; Land cover; Detritus sources; Lake-bottom slope; Volcanic lake
Funding
- MIPAF
- MIUR
- Sapienza University
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The high numbers of primary producers represent multiple sources of organic matter accumulating onto lake bottoms. The difficulty of distinguishing the relative contribution to the mixture presents considerable challenges to the analysis of these organic deposits. In this study, dual-stable isotope analysis and IsoSource model were used to identify allochthonous and autochthonous components of detritus deposits (Particulate Organic Matter: POM) at two different bottom slope sites of a volcanic lake (lake Bracciano). Experiments were carried out to calibrate IsoSource on constructed plant mixtures and assess changes in isotope ratios during plant decomposition. IsoSource satisfactorily discriminated the constructed mixture sources with a few exceptions. Changes in isotopic enrichment during decomposition were low, and thus did not represent a confounding variable in the isotopic analysis. By contrast, chemical and geological differences of the study sites were associated with differences in plant delta C-13 and delta N-15 values (more than 2aEuro degrees within single plant species). At both sites, the isotopic signals of POM fell between polygons delineated by source end members with an evident shift of delta C-13 toward allochthonous sources. POM amount and diversity were greater at the flatter bottom site, where allochthonous contributions were larger than at the other site. In particular, IsoSource ranked species contributions as follows: A. glutinosa > P. australis > A. donax > S. alba > P. nigra > the benthic macroalga Chara sp. at the first site, and A. glutinosa > P. nigra > the aquatic macrophyte C. demersum at the latter. The composition of littoral POM was determined by allochthonous sources in proportion to their relative abundances (as percent land cover) with differences between sites due to bottom slope.
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