Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES
Volume 52, Issue 5, Pages 1449-1454Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2004.827018
Keywords
anomalous dispersion; coplanar waveguide (CPW); metamaterials; negative group delay (NGD); negative group velocity (NGV); negative refractive index (NRI)
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We have simulated and constructed a One-di-mensional metamaterial composed of a periodically loaded transmission line that exhibits both negative and positive. group velocities in a hand of effective negative index of refraction. The negative group velocity or, equivalently, the negative group delay, is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally in the time domain using modulated Gaussian pulses. Due to this negative delay, we can show an output pulse peak emerging from the loaded transmission line prior to the input peak entering the line, i.e., the output pulse precedes the input pulse. The fact that this surprising behavior does hot violate the requirements of relativistic causality is illustrated with time-domain simulations, which show that discontinuities in the pulse waveforms are traveling at exactly the speed of light in vacuum. The pulse-reshaping mechanism underlying this behavior is also illustrated using time-domain simulations.
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