Journal
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
Volume 14, Issue 5, Pages 451-456Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.200305070
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In this paper, we describe a method for increasing the external efficiency of polymer light-emitting diodes (LEDs) by coupling out waveguided light with Bragg gratings. We numerically model the waveguide modes in a typical LED structure and demonstrate how optimizing layer thicknesses and reducing waveguide absorption can enhance the grating outcoupling. The gratings were created by a soft-lithography technique that minimizes changes to the conventional LED structure. Using one-dimensional and two-dimensional gratings, we were able to increase the forward-directed emission by 47% and 70%, respectively, and the external quantum efficiency by 15% and 25%.
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