Effect of dose on immune response in patients vaccinated with an HER-2/neu intracellular domain protein-based vaccine

Purpose To evaluate the safety of an HER-2/neu intracellular domain (ICD) protein vaccine and to estimate whether vaccine dose impacts immunogenicity. Patients and Methods Twenty-nine patients with HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast or ovarian cancer and with no evidence of disease after standard therapy received a low- (25 mug), intermediate- (150 mug), or high-dose (900 mug) HER-2/neu ICD protein vaccine. The vaccine was administered intradermally, monthly for 6 months, with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as an adjuvant. Toxicity and both cellular and humoral HER-2/neu-specific immunity was evaluated. Results The vaccine was well tolerated. The majority of patients (89%) developed HER-2/neu ICD-specific T-cell immunity. The dose of vaccine did not predict the magnitude of the T-cell response. The majority of patients (82%) also developed HER-2/neu-specific immunoglobulin G antibody immunity. Vaccine dose did not predict magnitude or avidity of the HER-2/neu-specific humoral immune response. Time to development of detectable HER-2/neu-specific immunity, however, was significantly earlier for the high- versus low-dose vaccine group (P = .003). Over half the patients retained HER-2/neu-specific T-cell immunity 9 to 12 months after immunizations had ended. Conclusion The HER-2/neu ICD protein vaccine was well tolerated and effective in eliciting HER-2/neu-specific T-cell and antibody immunity in the majority of breast and ovarian cancer patients who completed the vaccine regimen. Although the dose of vaccine did not impact the magnitude of T-cell or antibody immunity elicited, patients receiving the highest dose developed HER-2/neu-specific immunity more rapidly than those who received the lowest dose. (C) 2004 by American Society of Clinical Oncology.