Journal
AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
Volume 17, Issue 6, Pages 613-626Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2095.2011.00861.x
Keywords
carbohydrate; digestion; digestive enzyme; glucose; glycogen; utilization
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Funding
- NIWA
- University of Auckland
- Glenn Family Foundation
- Province Sud of New Caledonia (Prix d'Encouragement a la Recherche)
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The effect of various carbohydrate sources (glucose, sucrose, agar, wheat, tapioca, maize, potato and dextrin), and inclusion levels of gelatinized maize starch (0, 70, 170, 270 g kg(-1)), incorporated in semi-purified diets on the performance [growth, survival, food consumption (FC), enzyme activity and glycogen content of the digestive gland (DG)] of spiny lobster juveniles was investigated in a 12-week culture experiment. There was no difference in specific FC among diets (1.1% BW day(-1)), but lobsters fed with fresh mussel grew significantly faster (specific growth rate = 1.8% BW day(-1)) than on the formulated diets (0.9-1.1% BW day(-1)). None of the carbohydrate supplements tested produced a significant improvement in growth or survival over a basal control diet. However, the diet containing 270 g kg(-1) native wheat starch resulted in the highest moulting (mean = 2.1 moults per lobster), glycogen (3.3 mg g(-1)) and free glucose (1.1 mg g(-1)) concentrations among lobsters fed with the formulated diets, suggesting a superior utilization of this source of carbohydrate. The greater glycogen (8.0 mg g(-1) tissue) and free glucose (2.0 mg g(-1) tissue) concentrations, as well as higher specific activity of alpha-amylase (2.3 versus <0.7 U mg(-1) for other diets), found in the DG of lobsters fed with fresh mussel indicated a metabolism strongly directed to the utilization of glycogen.
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