Journal
CELL RESEARCH
Volume 14, Issue 3, Pages 234-240Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/sj.cr.7290224
Keywords
Arabidopsis thaliana; cytosolic calcium; defence gene expression; hydrogen peroxide; OGA
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Responses to oligogalacturonic acid (OGA) were determined in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings expressing the calcium reporter protein aequorin. OGA stimulated a rapid, substantial and transient increase in the concentration of cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+](cyt)) that peaked after ca. 15 s. This increase was dose-dependent, saturating at ca. 50 mug Gal equiv/ml of OGA. OGA also stimulated a rapid generation of H2O2. A small, rapid increase in H2O2 content was followed by a much larger oxidative burst, with H2O2 content peaking after ca. 60 min and declining thereafter. Induction of the oxidative burst by OGA was also dose-dependent, with a maximum response again being achieved at ca. 50 mug Gal equiv/mL. Inhibitors of calcium fluxes inhibited both increases in [Ca2+](cyt) and [H2O2], whereas inhibitors of NADPH oxidase blocked only the oxidative burst. OGA increased strongly the expression of the defence-related genes CHS, GST, PAL and PR-1. This induction was suppressed by inhibitors of calcium flux or NADPH oxidase, indicating that increases in both cytosolic calcium and H2O2 are required for OGA-induced gene expression.
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