Journal
OXIDATION OF METALS
Volume 61, Issue 5-6, Pages 463-483Publisher
KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL
DOI: 10.1023/B:OXID.0000032334.75463.da
Keywords
ferritic stainless steels; austenitic stainless steels; Fe-Cr; Fe-Cr; Ni; water vapor; breakaway oxidation; accelerated attack; spallation
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Ferritic and austenitic model alloys with various contents of Cr and Ni ranging between 10 - 20 % and 0 - 30 %, respectively, were oxidized in air+ 10 % water vapor during 1 hr cyclic oxidation at 650degreesC and 800degreesC. Depending on the alloy composition and temperature, either a thin protective oxide scale was observed or accelerated attack occurred which sometimes included spallation. For austenitic model alloys, increasing either the Cr or Ni contents delayed the accelerated attack. For lower Cr and Ni contents at 800degreesC, accelerated attack, including spallation, occurred at short exposure times. No spallation was observed for the ferritic model alloys. However, accelerated attack can occur quickly with low Cr contents. Increasing the temperature delayed the breakaway observed on ferritic alloys whereas it reduced the protective-oxide-growth stage for austenitic alloys.
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