Surface EMG alterations induced by underwater recording

Background and Purpose: This study aims to verify if amplitude and spectral characteristics of surface EMG signal are modified due to recording in a wet environment. Methods: Isometric contractions of the biceps brachii, muscle of ten subjects were performed in several different set-up combinations, both in dry (D) and in water from hydrotherapy pools (PW), with (PWM) or without moving the pool water and with (T) or without water-resistant adhesive taping, Results: In PW condition the amplitude of the recorded signal is reduced to 5-10% of the corresponding signal recorded in D condition. In PWM the power spectrum is drastically reduced and altered by the, I water movement that introduces an increase of spectral power in the frequency range 0-20 Hz. The use of T modality allows to record signals with both amplitude and spectral frequencies comparable with those obtained in the D conditions. Discussion and Conclusion: This work demonstrates the need for water resistant taping when EMG signals are recorded in water. Signals recorded without such a protective film are strongly affected in their, amplitude and frequency characteristics by the conductivity and the movement of water. (C) 2003, Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.