Journal
PLANT JOURNAL
Volume 38, Issue 5, Pages 790-799Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2004.02080.x
Keywords
Arabidopsis thaliana; cold acclimation; compatible solutes; COR genes; gene expression; heterosis
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Heterosis is broadly defined as the increased vigour of hybrids in comparison to their parents. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, a significant heterosis effect on leaf-freezing tolerance was observed in the F-1 generation of a cross between the accessions Columbia-0 (Col) and C24. Parental Col plants were significantly more freezing-tolerant than C24 plants in both the acclimated and non-acclimated (NA) states. Mid-parent heterosis was observed in the F-1 plants, both in the basic tolerance of non-adapted plants and in freezing tolerance after cold acclimation. Best-parent heterosis, on the other hand, was only found after cold acclimation. The heterosis effect was reduced in the F-2 populations such that only mid-parent heterosis was evident. The leaf content of soluble sugars (fructose (Fru), glucose (Glc), sucrose (Suc) and raffinose (Raf)) increased dramatically in the F-1 plants after cold acclimation as compared to the parental lines. The content of proline (Pro), however, was only moderately increased in the F-1 plants under the same conditions. Correlation analyses showed that only Raf content was consistently related to leaf-freezing tolerance in both the acclimated and NA states. A quantification of mRNA levels in leaves of parental and F-1 lines using quantitative real-time RT-PCR showed no clear indication for an involvement of the investigated genes (CBF (C-repeat binding factor)1, CBF2, (cold-regulated protein (COR) 6.6, COR15a, COR15b, COR47 and COR78) in the heterosis effect.
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