Assessment of global warming mitigation options with integrated assessment model DNE21

We developed an integrated assessment model, DNE21, composed of three sub-models: an energy systems, a macro economic and a climate change model. DNE21 is an optimization model, and its energy supply system is formulated in bottom-up fashion with about 50 kinds of technologies. This paper first describes the model and then presents simulation results. The results indicate that the optimal mitigation strategy against global warming should be comprehensive implementation of the various options, among which energy saving in the end-use sectors is important throughout the 21 st century, and CO2 sequestration is after the middle of the century. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.