Journal
IMMUNITY
Volume 21, Issue 1, Pages 7-17Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2004.06.012
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Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [CA 105489, CA87986, CA99163, CA 99900] Funding Source: Medline
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Regulation of tyrosine kinase-mediated cellular activation through antigen receptors is of great biological and practical significance. The evolutionarily conserved Cb1 family ubiquitin ligases have emerged as key negative regulators of activated tyrosine kinase-coupled receptors, and their impaired function switches a normal immune response into autoimmunity. Cb1 proteins facilitate the ubiquitinylation of activated tyrosine kinases and other signaling proteins and of the signaling chains of receptors themselves; monoubiquitin tag promotes sorting of activated receptors and associated proteins into internal vesicles of the multivesicular body, facilitating their lysosomal degradation, whereas polyubiquitin tag promotes proteasomal degradation. Notably, increased expression of Cb1 proteins and other ubiquitin ligases is a component of anergic signaling program in T cells. Thus, controlled destruction of the signaling apparatus has emerged as a key to fine-tuning antigen receptor signaling. Further studies of this pathway are likely to elucidate the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and offer new therapeutic targets.
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