Journal
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
Volume 258, Issue 24, Pages 10185-10190Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.06.103
Keywords
Carbon nanotubes; Fluorescence; Labeling; Functional groups; Surface characterization
Categories
Funding
- Nanotechnology Institute
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Control over the type and concentration of functional groups on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) require the use of reliable and sensitive analytical methods to detect, identify and quantify the functionalities on the material. Here we report the results of the selective quantification of aldehyde (together with ketone), carboxylic, and alcohol groups on arc-produced multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using fluorescent labeling of surface species (FLOSS), combined with surface area and thermogravimetric analysis. The high sensitivity of the fluorescence spectroscopy combined with the selectivity of the chemistry of covalent attachment, allowed us to determine that as-produced MWCNTs contain similar to 1.1 at.% carboxylic groups, similar to 2.0 at.% aldehydes (and ketones) and < 2.0 at.% hydroxyls. Surprisingly, and contrary to the behavior of single walled carbon nanotubes, these concentrations do not appear to increase for acid purified MWCNTs but rather decrease to 0.4 at.% for carboxylic groups; 1.6 at.% for aldehydes (and ketones) and <3.0 at.%, for hydroxyls. Possible explanations for the observation that the acid purified MWCNTs have a lower level of the functionalities compared to the as-produced material are discussed. (c) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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