Polymer surface melting mediated by capillary waves

Nuclear magnetic resonance investigations of atactic polystyrene emulsions yield direct evidence that the polymer surface exhibits a rather well-defined molten layer. Its thickness d grows continuously as the temperature is increased towards the bulk glass transition, according to dproportional to(T-g-T)(-1). This is precisely what was recently predicted by a simple continuum model considering viscoelastic surface waves. Furthermore, this model is capable of explaining the frequently reported depression of the glass transition temperature in thin polymer films, and thus suggests a quite simple mechanism to underlie all these effects.