Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART J-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING TRIBOLOGY
Volume 218, Issue J4, Pages 265-277Publisher
PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1243/1350650041762677
Keywords
zinc dithiophosphate; antiwear; ZDDP; ZnDTP; tribofilm; interferometry; wear; boundary lubrication
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In situ spacer layer interferometry has been used to monitor and compare the formation of both tribo- and thermal zinc dialkylithiophosphate (ZDDP) films on steel surfaces. For the ZDDP solution studied, negligible thermal film formation takes place below a temperature of 110 degreesC, but a ZDDP tribofilm is generated on rubbed surfaces even at room temperature. The ZDDP tribofilm formation is critically dependent on the extent of direct solid solid contact during rubbing and does not take place if the elastohydrodynamic film thickness is significantly greater than the surface roughness. Tests at different slide-roll ratios indicate that the rate of ZDDP tribofilm formation is proportional to the product of sliding distance and rubbing time. Based on the results, it is not possible to explain ZDDP tribofilm formation in terms of a response to contact pressure or flash temperature. It is likely that the tribofilm reaction is either strongly catalysed by species released during rubbing, such as soluble Fe-11 or Fel(111), or is triggered by triboelectronic processes such as exoelectron emission.
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