Microwave solid-state left-handed material with a broad bandwidth and an ultralow loss

We present in this paper a solid-state sample of microwave metamaterial produced by a standard hot-press technique for the manufacture of printed circuit boards. We performed three experiments to demonstrate that this sample is a left-handed material with negative refractive index. The three experiments are power transmission, prism refraction, and beam shifting. We used differently shaped samples for the experiments and observed clear left-handed behaviors in a 1-GHz-wide passband with an insertion loss of less than 0.5 dB per unit cell, which is no greater than the insertion loss of many microwave devices. The sample has very stable characteristics and all results are consistent with one another.