Journal
APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
Volume 68, Issue 2, Pages 185-191Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1366/13-07216
Keywords
Raman spectroscopy; Raman imaging; Spectral preprocessing; Automated processing; Cosmic rays; Cosmic ray spike removal
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Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Canadian Foundation for Innovation through the UBC Laboratory for Molecular Biophysics
- British Columbia Knowledge Development Foundation through the UBC Laboratory for Molecular Biophysics
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Charge-coupled device detectors are vulnerable to cosmic rays that can contaminate Raman spectra with positive going spikes. Because spikes can adversely affect spectral processing and data analyses, they must be removed. Although both hardware-based and software-based spike removal methods exist, they typically require parameter and threshold specification dependent on well-considered user input. Here, we present a fully automated spike removal algorithm that proceeds without requiring user input. It is minimally dependent on sample attributes, and those that are required (e.g., standard deviation of spectral noise) can be determined with other fully automated procedures. At the core of the method is the identification and location of spikes with coincident second derivatives along both the spectral and spatio-temporal dimensions of two-dimensional datasets. The method can be applied to spectra that are relatively inhomogeneous because it provides fairly effective and selective targeting of spikes resulting in minimal distortion of spectra. Relatively effective spike removal obtained with full automation could provide substantial benefits to users where large numbers of spectra must be processed.
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