Suitability of mine tailings for shotcrete as a ground support

Mine tailings produced during mineral processing have traditionally been treated as a waste material and require special attention at disposal. This tradition is changing because of technology advancements and public awareness of the environmental impacts of tailings disposal on the surface. In recent years, there is an increasing trend to make the tailings a useful material. This paper presents the results of research on using the full mine tailings for shotcrete for underground support. Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the relevant mechanical properties. Mortars made of tailings-binder mix were tested in various conditions. Sand and fibers were added to investigate their strengthening capability. This study produced valuable data. The compressive strength for the test conditions was satisfactory. The flexural strength exceeded the ASTM standards. Polymer fibers were found more effective than steel fibers as strengthening materials. Overall, this research has demonstrated the potential of mine tailings for shotcreting.