Journal
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 279, Issue 33, Pages 34833-34839Publisher
AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M403655200
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Cytochrome c oxidase assembly process involves many accessory proteins including Cox11, which is a copper-binding protein required for Cu incorporation into the Cu-B site of cytochrome c oxidase. In a genome wide search, a number of Cox11 homologs are found in all of the eukaryotes with complete genomes and in several Gram-negative bacteria. All of them possess a highly homologous soluble domain and contain an N-terminal fragment that anchors the protein to the membrane. An anchor-free construct of 164 amino acids was obtained from Sinorhizobium meliloti, and the first structure of this class of proteins is reported here. The apoform has an immunoglobulin-like fold with a novel type of beta-strand organization. The copper binding motif composed of two highly conserved cysteines is located on one side of the beta-barrel structure. The apoprotein is monomeric in the presence of dithiothreitol, whereas it dimerizes in the absence of the reductant. When copper(I) binds, NMR and extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data indicate a dimeric protein state with two thiolates bridging two copper(I) ions. The present results advance the knowledge on the poorly understood molecular aspects of cytochrome c oxidase assembly.
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