Journal
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
Volume 166, Issue 4, Pages 527-536Publisher
ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200403102
Keywords
calcium; cameleon; in vivo; Na+/Ca2+ exchange; two-photon microscopy
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Funding
- Telethon [1226] Funding Source: Medline
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Although the importance of mitochondria in pathophysiology has become increasingly evident, it remains unclear whether these organelles play a role in Ca2+ handling by skeletal muscle. This undefined situation is mainly due to technical limitations in measuring Ca2+ transients reliably during the contraction-relaxation cycle. Using two-photon microscopy and genetically expressed cameleon Ca2+ sensors, we developed a robust system that enables the measurement of both cytoplasmic and mitochondrial Ca2+ transients in vivo. We show here for the first time that, in vivo and under highly physiological conditions, mitochondria in mammalian skeletal muscle take up Ca2+ during contraction induced by motor nerve stimulation and rapidly release it during relaxation. The mitochondrial Ca2+ increase is delayed by a few milliseconds compared with the cytosolic Ca2+ rise and occurs both during a single twitch and upon tetanic contraction.
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