Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Volume 2004, Issue 17, Pages 3597-3600Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200400253
Keywords
lithium bromide; catalyst; epoxide; amines; beta-amino alcohols; selectivity
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Lithium bromide has been found to be an inexpensive and efficient catalyst for the opening of epoxide rings by amines, and this provides an environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of beta-amino alcohols. Aromatic and aliphatic amines react with cycloalkene oxides to exclusively form trans-2-(aryl/alkylamino)cycloalkanols in high yields. A 98-100% selectivity in favour of nucleophilic attack at the benzylic carbon atom of styrene oxide is observed with aromatic amines. However, aliphatic amines exhibit a marginal preference for the reaction at the terminal carbon atom of the epoxide ring in styrene oxide. Non-styrenoidal, unsymmetrical alkene oxides undergo selective nucleophilic attack at the sterically less hindered carbon atom by aniline. The chelation effect of the Li+ ion enables selective opening of the epoxide ring in 3-phenoxypropylene oxide in the presence of styrene oxide. ((C) Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004).
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