Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
Volume 71, Issue 3, Pages 268-271Publisher
AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2004.71.3.0700268
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Infected deer ticks (Ixodes scaptilaris) were allowed to attach to naive mice for variable lengths of time to determine the duration of tick attachment required for Powassan (POW) virus transmission to occur. Viral load in engorged larvae detaching from viremic mice and in resulting nymphs was also monitored. Ninety percent of larval ticks acquired POW virus from mice that had been intraperitoneally inoculated with 105 plaque-forming units (PFU). Engorged larvae contained approximately 10 PFU. Transstadial transmission efficiency was 22%, resulting in approximately 20% infection in nymphs that had fed as larvae on viremic mice. Titer increased approximately 100-fold during molting. Nymphal deer ticks efficiently transmitted POW virus to naive mice after as few as 15 minutes of attachment, suggesting that unlike Borrelia burgdorferi, Babesia microti, and Anaplasnia phagocytophilum, no grace period exists between tick attachment and POW virus transmission.
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