Journal
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
Volume 25, Issue 8, Pages 1009-1015Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2003.10.009
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease; inflammation; interleukin-10; interleukin-6; apolipoprotein E; single nucleotide polymorphism; T lymphocytes
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In the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD), it has been proposed that the anti-inflammatory interleukins such as IL-10 regulate beta-amyloid-induced microglial inflammatory responses inhibiting the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6. Since the promoters of the IL-10 and IL-6 genes show single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (IL-10: -1082 G --> A; IL-6: -174 G --> C), we investigated these SNPs and cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 65 AD patients and 65 controls (HC). In AD there was a significant increase of the -1082A IL-10 allele (P = 0.009) and a decrease of -1082GG genotype (P = 0.019). The frequency of the GG IL-6 genotype in AD was lower and the C allele significantly higher (P < 0.005). The co-occurrence of IL-10 A and IL-6 C alleles significantly raised the odds ratio (OR 11.2, confidence interval: CI 1.3-97.3; P < 0.05) independently of apolipoprotein E4 (adjusted OR 10.3, CI 1-108; P < 0.05). Only amyloid-stimulated IL-10 production differed between the groups (P = 0.023). These results raise questions regarding the inflammatory theory in AD, pointing to a pivotal role of IL-10 and IL-6 and a selective alteration in this network. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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